In recent years, there has been a rising number of young individuals diagnosed with early-onset colorectal cancer.
Experts are investigating the potential causes behind this alarming trend, aiming to understand why this particular demographic is facing an increased risk of this type of cancer.
Studies reveal that individuals under 50 are primarily affected, and it’s believed that this shift may be linked to changes in environmental factors, lifestyle, or possibly even genetic influences.
Individuals born in the second half of the 20th century face increased risks.
According to the American Cancer Society, colorectal cancer originates in the colon. “Most colorectal cancers begin as growths on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. These growths are known as polyps.”
Although polyps are common and generally noncancerous, some may develop into cancer over time.
Historically, this cancer was more prevalent among older adults, but with a rising number of young people being diagnosed, researchers are reassessing screening guidelines and exploring alternative treatment methods.
Dr. Jeremy Kortmansky of Yale School of Medicine explains that colorectal cancer often presents with aggressive histological characteristics, leading to diagnoses at more advanced stages.
Common symptoms include rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, diarrhea, or constipation. These signs are frequently mistaken for less serious conditions such as hemorrhoids or irritable bowel syndrome, which can delay proper diagnosis and treatment.
Rebecca Siegel from the American Cancer Society suggests that the rise in early-onset colorectal cancer among young people may be linked to lifestyle changes that began in the mid-20th century.
Over the years, the Western diet has experienced significant changes, incorporating more processed foods and sugars, particularly high-fructose corn syrup, which became widely used in the 1970s. Researchers associate this shift with rising rates of obesity and metabolic disorders, both of which are known risk factors for colorectal cancer.
Another contributing factor is a sedentary lifestyle
Studies indicate that it may take years for such lifestyle changes to lead to cancer, which helps explain the recent increase in colorectal cancer cases among younger individuals.
As with any type of cancer, genetics can play a significant role in colorectal cancer.
Obesity raises the risk by affecting hormones like insulin, which promote cell growth. The chronic inflammation caused by excess fat tissue also adds to this risk. A study published in JAMA Oncology found that obesity nearly doubles the likelihood of developing early-onset colorectal cancer.
To reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer, it’s important to focus on a diet rich in fiber, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Additionally, it’s beneficial to limit red and processed meats, stay physically active, quit smoking and alcohol consumption, and manage stress levels.
Prioritizing prevention is always essential, and this can be achieved by embracing an active and healthy lifestyle.